Canine hepatocyte growth factor

ABSTRACT

A canine hepatocyte growth factor gene and a 15 base pairs-deleted gene thereof encode a protein having an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4 and a protein having an amino acid sequence comprising a deletion, substitution or addition of one or several amino acids and having a canine hepatocyte growth factor activity. The canine hepatocyte growth factor and the 5 amino acids-deleted canine hepatocyte growth factor are useful for the treatment of liver diseases, kidney diseases, lung diseases, digestive diseases, cardiocirculatory diseases or cranial nerve diseases.

This patent application claims a benefit of priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 2000/187724 filed Jun. 22, 2000 through PCT/JP01/05362 filed Jun. 22, 2001; the contents of each of which are incorporated herein by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a canine hepatocyte growth factor, a 5 amino acids-deleted canine hepatocyte growth factor thereof, and genes encoding these factors.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Human hepatocyte growth factor (hereinafter refer to as “HGF”) has been purified as a liver regeneration factor. A gene encoding this factor has also been cloned and the sequence has been determined. Initially, HGF had been considered to function only for hepatocyte growth. However, subsequent studies have revealed that HGF does not only function for growth and regeneration of a hepatocyte, but also has strong effects of protecting from damage and of regenerating an organ on lung, kidney, blood vessel and heart tissues. Moreover, HGF also has very varied functions, for example it shows a strong antitumor activity against certain types of cancer.

From a study using various types of cultured cells, it has been found that HGF functions as a growth promoting factor, a mobility promoting factor, a morphogenesis promoting factor and a tumor suppressing factor. Moreover, expression of HGF enhances in organs, such as the lung and the kidney, responses to hepatopathy, and regeneration of the liver is promoted by a mechanism via the blood. It has been confirmed that, in other organs such as the kidney or the lung also, regeneration of such organs is promoted by the same mechanism. All of these HGF functions are biological activities essential for the construction and maintenance of tissues and organs, and so it is expected that HGF would be clinically significant when applied as specific medicines for intractable organ diseases for which basic treatment methods have not yet been established. Furthermore, a gene therapy for chronic arteriosclerosis obliterans of diabetes patients, which uses an HGF gene, is being attempted.

It has been reported that HGF has many variants generated by alternative splicing. It has been shown that, of these, a variant HGF which lacks 15 base pairs in the first kringle domain corresponding to a receptor binding site, that is, a variant HGF which lacks 5 amino acids, has a two or three times higher growth promoting activity on epithelium cells, when compared with ordinary HGF, and that this variant HGF has a different physiological action. It is hoped that this 15 base pairs-deleted HGF has a higher treatment effect on diseases mainly such as damaged epithelial tissues.

A mechanism for regenerating liver tissues by HGF will be described in detail. The expression of HGF mRNA is induced promptly in an interstitial cell, such as the Kupffer cell or the sinusoid endothelial cell in the liver, in response to various types of hepatopathies. HGF produced and secreted from interstitial cells acts on an epithelial cell such as a hepatocyte or biliary cell and promotes regeneration of the liver. Experiments have been carried out where recombinant HGF was administered to a disease model animal, and it has been reported that the recombinant HGF regenerated many types of organopathy. It has been reported that the tissues of many impaired organs such as the liver (e.g. hepatocirrhosis, hepatitis, fatty liver disease, etc.), the kidney (acute and chronic renal failure), the lung, the heart and the stomach, have been regenerated.

The full length of a human HGF gene (hereinafter, referred to as “hHGF”) spans about 70 kb. The full length of mRNA, which is a transcribed product of the hHGF gene, is about 6 kb, and the length of a region encoding a protein in the mRNA is about 2.2 kb. The hHGF is initially synthesized as a single prepro-HGF consisting of 728 amino acids, and after 31 amino acids existing at the N-terminus are cleaved, a portion between the 494^(th) Arg and the 495^(th) Val is cleaved with protease, so that it becomes a mature molecule in which the a and β chains link with a single difulfide bond.

Thus far, HGF genes of human, mouse, rat and so on have been cloned, and the nucleotide sequences thereof have been determined.

With the recent trend of the aging of household pets, there occurs a problem regarding increases of various atrophic or regressive canine diseases, which are associated with aging. The development of pharmaceuticals directed towards such diseases, in which the regeneration of tissues are required, is considered to be important. Generally, these diseases often become chronic. Long-term administration of medicine is required to treat chronic diseases. However, if recombinant HGF proteins are administered to different species, the problem of antigenicity occurs and there may be a risk that long-term administration becomes impossible. Therefore, a recombinant canine HGF, which does not have the problem of antigenicity and can be administered for a long time, is required as a therapeutic agent for these chronic canine diseases.

OBJECT AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide a canine HGF, a 15 base pairs-deleted HGF thereof, and genes encoding the canine HGF and the 15 base pairs-deleted HGF thereof.

As a result of intensive studies by the present inventors directed toward the above object, they have succeeded in determining the sequence of a canine HGF gene using the RT-PCR method, thereby completing the present invention.

That is to say, the present invention is a recombinant protein of the following (a) or (b):

-   (a) a protein having an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 or     4; and -   (b) a protein having an amino acid sequence comprising a deletion,     substitution or addition of one or several amino acids with respect     to the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4, and having a     canine HGF activity.

In addition, the present invention is a gene encoding the following protein (a) or (b):

-   (a) a protein having an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 or     4; and -   (b) a protein having an amino acid sequence comprising a deletion,     substitution or addition of one or several amino acids with respect     to the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4, and having a     canine HGF activity.

Moreover, the present invention is a gene comprising the DNA of the following (c) or (d):

-   (c) DNA comprising a nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 or 3;     and -   (d) DNA hybridizing with the DNA comprising the nucleotide sequence     shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 or 3 under stringent conditions, and encoding     a protein having a canine HGF activity.

Further, the present invention is a recombinant vector comprising one of the above-described genes.

Furthermore, the present invention is a transformant comprising the above-described recombinant vector.

Still further, the present invention is a method for producing a canine HGF, which is characterized in that it comprises culturing the above-described transformant and collecting a canine HGF from the obtained culture.

Still further, the present invention is a reagent for detecting a canine HGF which comprises at least a fragment of the above-described genes.

Still further, the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition comprising the above recombinant canine HGF, and the above-described pharmaceutical composition is used for the treatment of liver diseases, kidney diseases, lung diseases, bone diseases, digestive diseases, cardiocirculatory diseases or cranial nerve diseases.

This specification includes part or all of the contents as disclosed in the specification and/or drawings of Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-187724, which is a priority document of the present application.

THE BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

The present invention relates to a gene encoding a canine HGF (canine HGF; hereinafter, referred to as cHGF), which has a strong ability to regenerate impaired organs and is expected to be clinically applied to intractable organ diseases for which basic treatment methods have not yet been established; a recombinant cHGF; a recombinant vector comprising the gene; a transformant comprising the recombinant vector; a method of producing the cHGF; a method of detecting the cHGF; and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the cHGF. Moreover, the present invention relates to a variant cHGF (dcHGF), which lacks 15 base pairs in the first kringle domain corresponding to a receptor binding site, that is, a variant cHGF which lacks 5 amino acids, that is known to have a two or three times higher growth promoting activity on epithelium cells when compared with ordinary HGF and to have a different physiological action.

The present inventors extracted and purified RNA, and designed several primers, which are considered to be specific for HGF. Then, they carried out RT-PCR to obtain several DNA fragments. Some of the thus obtained DNA fragments were cloned in plasmid vectors to determine the nucleotide sequences. Based on the determined nucleotide sequences, overlapping portions of each DNA fragment were eliminated, and the sequence of a cHGF gene of interest was determined. Moreover, a 15 base pair-deleted cHGF generated by alternative splicing was isolated, and the sequence was determined. The sequences of the genes of the present invention were determined by this method.

1. Cloning of Gene of the Present Invention

(1) Preparation of cDNA Clone by RT-PCR

Examples of sources of mRNA include tissues such as the liver, the kidney, the lung, the brain, the thymus and the leukocyte of dog. Preparation of mRNA can be carried out by any conventional method. For example, the total RNA is extracted from the above-mentioned tissues or cells by the guanidium thocyanate-phenol method or the like, and poly(A)⁺RNA(mRNA) is then obtained by the affinity column method or batch method, in which oligo dT-cellulose, poly U− sepharose or the like is used. Moreover, poly(A)⁺RNA may further be fractioned by the sucrose density gradient centrifugation method.

Using the thus obtained mRNA as a template, a single strand cDNA is synthesized with oligo dT primers and reverse transcriptase. To obtain a clone comprising the DNA sequence of interest, for example, a degenerate sense primer and a degenerate antisense primer for the amino acid sequence of the already obtained HGF protein family are synthesized, PCR is carried out using these primers, and the obtained fragment is incorporated into a suitable cloning vector to prepare a recombinant vector. Using this recombinant vector, Escherichia coli or the like is transformed, and then, using tetracycline resistance or ampicillin resistance as an index, a transformant is selected so as to obtain a clone comprising a part or the full length of the sequences of cHGF and dcHGF genes Moreover, in the present invention, primers are not limited to the above-described primers.

Herein, transformation of Escherichia coli can be carried out by the Hanahan's method [Hanahan, D.: J. Mol. Biol. 166: 557–580 (1983)], which comprises adding a recombinant vector to a competent cell which is prepared by allowing calcium chloride, magnesium chloride or rubidium chloride to coexist. Where a plasmid is used as a vector, the plasmid should contain a drug resistance gene, which is resistant to tetracycline, ampicillin and so on. Moreover, a cloning vector other than a plasmid such as a ? phage (?gt11, etc.) can also be used.

(2) Determination of NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE of DNA Fragment

The nucleotide sequences of a single or multiple isolated clones comprising the above-described DNA fragment are determined, using a PCR product as a template. Determination of a nucleotide sequence can be carried out by any known methods such as the Maxam-Gilbert chemical modification method or the dideoxynucleotide chain termination method in which M13 phage is used, but in general, sequencing is carried out using an automatic nucleotide sequencer (e.g. a Model 310 fluorescent sequencer produced by Applied Biosystems). Based on nucleotide sequence information on a single or multiple DNA fragments derived from cHGF or a single or multiple DNA fragments derived from dcHGF, which are obtained by the above-described method, the nucleotide sequence of cHGF or dcHGF of interest is determined by eliminating overlapping portions.

The nucleotide sequence of the c HGF gene of the present invention is shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, the amino acid sequence of the cHGF of the present invention is shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, the nucleotide sequence of the 15 base pairs-deleted cHGF gene of the present invention is shown in SEQ ID NO: 3, and the amino acid sequence of the 5 amino acids-deleted cHGF of the present invention is shown in SEQ ID NO: 4. However, as long as a protein having this amino acid sequence exhibits a cHGF activity, the amino acid sequence may comprise a mutation such as a deletion, substitution or addition of at least one, preferably one or several amino acids.

For example, an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4 may comprise a deletion of at least one, preferably one or several amino acids (for example, 1 to 10 amino acids, more preferably 1 to 5 amino acids). Or, an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4 may comprise an addition of at least one, preferably one or several amino acids (for example, 1 to 10 amino acids, more preferably 1 to 5 amino acids). Otherwise, an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4 may comprise a substitution of at least one, preferably one or several amino acids (for example, 1 to 10 amino acids, more preferably 1 to 5 amino acids) by other amino acids.

Moreover, the gene of the present invention also includes DNA hybridizing with the above gene under the following conditions and encoding a protein having a cHGF activity. That is to say, the conditions herein mean that, using a filter on which DNA is fixed, hybridization is carried out at 68° C. under 0.7 to 1.0 M NaCl followed by washing at 68° C. with 0.1 to 2×SSC solution (1×SSC consisting of 150 mM NaCl and 15 mM sodium citrate).

Furthermore, the present invention also includes RNA corresponding to the above DNA, or an RNA hybridizing with the RNA under stringent conditions and encoding a protein having a cHGF activity.

Introduction of a mutation into a gene can be carried out by any known technique such as the Kunkel method or the Gapped Duplex method, or an equivalent method. For example, the introduction of a mutation can be carried out, using a kit for introducing a mutation (e.g. Mutant-K (TAKARA), Mutant-G (TAKARA)), with which a site-directed mutagenesis is applied, or an LA PCR in vitro Mutagenesis series kit (TAKARA).

The gene of the present invention has a nucleotide sequence corresponding to the amino acid sequence of a cHGF, or the amino acid sequence of a 15 base pairs-deleted cHGF.

Once the nucleotide sequence of the gene of the present invention is determined, the gene of the present invention can then be obtained by chemical synthesis, by PCR in which cDNA is used as a template, or by performing hybridization, using a DNA fragment having the nucleotide sequence as a probe.

2. Preparation of Recombinant Vector and Transformant

(1) Preparation of Recombinant Vector

The recombinant vector of the present invention can be obtained by ligating (inserting) the gene of the present invention into a suitable vector. The vector into which the gene of the present invention is inserted is not to be particularly limited provided that it can replicate in a host, and examples of such a vector include plasmid DNA, phage DNA and others.

Examples of plasmid DNA include a plasmid derived from Escherichia coli (e.g. pBR322, pBR325, pUC118, pUC119, pUC18, pUC19, etc.), a plasmid derived from Bacillus subtilis (e.g. pUB110, pTP5, etc.), a plasmid derived from yeast (e.g. YEp13, YEp24, YCp50, etc.) and others. Examples of phage DNA include ? phage (Charon4A, Charon21A, EMBL3, EMBL4, ?gt10, ?gt11, ?ZAP, etc.). Moreover, an animal virus such as a retrovirus or vaccinia virus, or an insect virus vector such as a baculovirus, can also be used.

To insert the gene of the present invention into a vector, a method is applied, in which initially, purified DNA is cleaved with appropriate restriction enzymes, and the obtained DNA fragment is then inserted into the restriction site or the multicloning site of a suitable vector DNA to ligate the fragment to the vector.

It is necessary that the gene of the present invention is incorporated into a vector so that the functions of the gene are exhibited. Thus, not only can a promoter and the gene of the present invention, but also a cis-element such as an enhancer, a splicing signal, a poly(A) addition signal, a selective marker or a ribosome binding sequence (SD sequence), can be ligated to the vector of the present invention as desired. Examples of a selective marker include a dihydrofolate reductase gene, an ampicillin resistance gene, a neomycin resistance gene and others.

(2) Preparation of Transformant

The transformant of the present invention can be obtained by introducing the recombinant vector of the present invention into a host, so that the gene of interest can express therein. Herein, a host is not to be particularly limited provided that it allows the DNA of the present invention to be expressed. Examples of such a host include bacteria such as Escherichia sp. Escherichia coli, Bacillus sp. Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas sp. Pseudomonas putida; yeast such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Shizosaccharomyces pombe; animal cells such as a COS cell and a CHO cell; and insect cells such as S121 and sf9. Moreover, an insect body itself from a silkworm, Autographa california or the like can also be used as a host.

Where a bacterium such as Escherichia coli is used as the host, it is preferable that the recombinant vector of the present invention be able to autonomously replicate in the bacterium and that the recombinant vector comprises a promoter, a ribosome binding sequence, the gene of the present invention and a transcription termination sequence. Moreover, a gene controlling the promoter may also be incorporated.

Examples of Escherichia coli include Escherichia coli DH1 and Escherichia coli JM109, and examples of B. subtilis include Bacillus subtilis and so on, but examples are not limited thereto.

Any promoter can be used provided that it can be expressed in a host such as Escherichia coli. For example, promoters derived from Escherichia coli or phage such as a trp promoter, a lac promoter, a P_(L) promoter or a P_(R) promoter can be used. An artificially designed and modified promoter such as a tac promoter may also be used.

A method for introducing a recombinant vector into a bacterium is not to be particularly limited provided that it is a method for introducing DNA into a bacterium. For example, a method of using calcium ion [Cohen, S. N. et al.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 69: 2110(1972)], the electroporation method, etc. can be used.

Where yeast is used as the host, for example, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe or Pichia pastoris is used. In the use of yeast as a host, any promoter can be used to such an extent that it can be expressed in yeast, and examples of such a promoter include a gall promoter, a gal10 promoter, a heat shock protein promoter, an MFa1 promoter, a PH05 promoter, a PGK promoter, a GAP promoter, an ADH promoter, an AOX1 promoter and others.

A method for introducing a recombinant vector into yeast is not particularly to be limited provided that it is a method for introducing DNA into yeast, and examples of such a method include the electroporation method [Becker, D. M. et al.: Methods. Enzymol., 194: 182 (1990)], the spheroplast method [Hinnen, A et al.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 75: 1929 (1978)], the lithium acetate method [Itoh, H.: J. Bacteriol., 153: 163 (1983)] and others.

Where an animal cell is used as the host, a monkey cell COS-1 or COS-7, Vero, a Chinese hamster ovary cell (CHO cell), a mouse L cell, a rat GH3, a human FL cell, etc. can be used. Examples of promoters used include an SRa promoter, an SV40 promoter, an LTR promoter, a CMV promoter and others, and further a human cytomegalovirus immediate early gene promoter or the like may also be used. Examples of methods of introducing a recombinant vector into an animal cell include the electroporation method, the calcium phosphate method, the lipofection method and others.

Where an insect cell is used as a host, an S121 cell, an Sf9 cell, etc. can be used. Examples of a method of introducing a recombinant vector into an insect cell include the calcium phosphate method, the lipofection method, the electroporation method, etc.

Further, where an insect body itself is used, a silkworm, Autographa california and so on can be used. A method of introducing a recombinant virus into an insect body includes natural infection.

(3) Production of Protein of the Present Invention

The protein of the present invention is a protein having an amino acid sequence encoded by the cHGF gene or the 15 base pairs-deleted cHGF gene of the present invention, or a protein having an amino acid sequence comprising the above-described mutation introduced into at least one amino acid relative to the above amino acid sequence and having a cHGF activity. It should be noted that the protein of the present invention is also referred to as a cHGF protein, and a 15 base pairs-deleted type thereof is also referred to as a 5 amino acids-deleted cHGF protein.

The cHGF protein of the present invention can be obtained by culturing the above-described transformant and collecting the cHGF from the cultured product. The term a “cultured product” is herein used to mean any of a culture supernatant, a cultured cell or cultured cell body, and a homogenized product of the cell or cell body.

The culture of the transformant of the present invention is carried out according to common methods used for the culture of a host.

As a medium for culturing a transformant obtained while using a microorganism such as Escherichia coli or yeast as a host, either a natural medium or a synthesized medium can be used to such an extent that the medium contains a carbon source, a nitrogen source, inorganic salts and others, which can be assimilated by the microorganism, and can be efficiently utilized in the culture of the transformant.

Examples of a carbon source include carbohydrates such as glucose, fractose, sucrose or starch, organic acids such as acetic acid or propionic acid, and alcohols such as ethanol and propanol.

Examples of a nitrogen source include an inorganic or organic ammonium salt such as ammonia, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium acetate or ammonium phosphate, other nitrogen-containing compounds, peptone, meat extract, corn steep liquor and others.

Examples of an inorganic product include potassium primary phosphate, potassium secondary phosphate, magnesium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, copper sulfate, calcium carbonate and others.

Generally, culture is carried out at 37° C. under aerobic conditions such as shaking culture or aeration and agitation culture. Control of the pH of the medium is carried out using an inorganic or organic acid, or an alkaline solution.

During culture, an antibiotic such as ampicillin or tetracycline may be added to the medium as necessary.

For culturing a microorganism transformed with an expression vector comprising an inducible promoter, an inducer may be added to the medium as necessary. For example, when a microorganism transformed with an expression vector comprising a Lac promoter is cultured, isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) or the like may be added to the medium, and when a microorganism transformed with an expression vector comprising a trp promoter, indoleacetic acid (IAA) or the like may be added thereto.

For culturing a transformant obtained by using an animal cell as a host, commonly used RPMI 1640 medium, DMEM medium or a medium obtained by adding fetal bovine serum or the like to these media, can be used.

Generally, culture is carried out at 37° C. for 1 to 30 days in the presence of 5% CO₂. During culture, an antibiotic such as kanamycin or penicillin may be added to the medium as necessary.

Where the protein of the present invention is produced inside a cell body or cell after culture, a cHGF protein is extracted by homogenizing the cell body or the cell. Where the protein of the present invention is produced outside a cell body or cell, the culture solution is used as is, or the cell body or the cell is eliminated by centrifugal separation or the like. After that, the protein of the present invention can be isolated and purified from the above culture by biochemical methods commonly used for isolation and purification of proteins, used either singly or in combination, e.g. ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography and others.

3. Method of Detecting cHGF Using the Gene of the Present Invention and Detection Reagent

(1) Use of the Gene of the Present Invention or Portion Thereof as Probe

In the present invention, a probe hybridizing with the above-described DNA or RNA and specifically detecting the DNA or the RNA is also provided as a reagent for detecting a cHGF. This probe is labeled with a commonly used radioisotope (e.g. ³²P, ³⁵S), an enzyme (e.g. digoxigenin, fluororescein) or the like, and the labeled probe is then hybridized specifically with the DNA or the RNA by a common blotting analysis, In situ hybridization or the like, thereby detecting the DNA or the RNA.

DNA or RNA used as a probe in the present invention has at least a portion of the nucleotide sequence of the DNA or the RNA which are shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 or 3 and SEQ ID NO: 5 or 6. The length of the probe is 200 to 300 nucleotides, but it may have an entire sequence and it is not particularly limited.

4. Pharmaceutical Composition Comprising the Recombinant cHGF of the Present Invention

The recombinant cHGF or the 15 base pairs-deleted HGF thereof of the present invention is a recombinant cHGF or a 5 amino acids-deleted HGF thereof, which has been extracted and purified, or a recombinant cHGF or a 5 amino acids-deleted HGF thereof, which has been inserted into a plasmid or the like and allowed to translate inside the body of a dog. Such a factor is used as a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of liver diseases such as fulminant hepatitis, acute hepatitis, hepatocirrhosis, lung fibrosis, fatty liver and liver cancer, kidney diseases such as acute renal failure, chronic renal failure/nephrosclerosis, renal transplantation and diabetic nephropathy, lung diseases such as acute pneumonia and liver fibrosis, bone diseases such as osteoarthritis deformans and arthritis rheumatica, digestive diseases such as gastric ulcer and diabetes (suppression of apoptosis of β cells of pancreas, promotion of insulin production), cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction, hypertrophic/congestive cardiomyopathy and angiopathy (diabetic retinopathy, arteriosclerosis obliterans, etc.), and cranial nerve diseases such as cerebral infarction and Parkinson's disease.

The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is particularly useful for the treatment of chronic canine diseases such as canine chronic renal failure, and this composition has no antigenic side effects and can be used for a long time.

The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises a cHGF or a 15 base pairs-deleted HGF thereof or a salt thereof or a DNA fragment of a cHGF gene or dcHGF gene bound to a plasmid or the like to be translates inside the body of a dog with a pharmacologically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient. The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be administered in various forms. Examples of such an administration form include orally administration using tablets, capsules, granules, powders or syrups, or parenterall administration using injection, drop or suppository. Such a composition is produced by any known method and comprises a carrier, a diluent and an excipient, which are commonly used in the pharmaceutical field. For example, as a carrier or excipient used for a tablet, lactose, magnesium stearate or the like is used. An injection is prepared by dissolving, suspending or emulsifying the cHGF or a salt thereof in a sterile aqueous or oily solution. Examples of aqueous solution used for an injection include a physiological salt solution and an isotonic solution containing glucose or another adjuvant, and the aqueous solution may be used in combination with an appropriate solution adjuvant such as alcohol, polyalcohol such as propylene glycol or a nonionic surfactant. Examples of the above-mentioned oily solution include sesame oil, soybean oil and so on, and the oily solution may be used in combination with a solution adjuvant such as benzyl benzoate or benzyl alcohol.

The dosage applied depends on symptom, age, body weight and others. In the case of oral administration, generally, it is approximately 0.001 mg to 1,000 mg per dog per day, and the pharmaceutical composition with the above dosage is administered all at once, or divided several times throughout a day. In contrast, in the case of parenteral administration, 0.001 mg to 1,000 mg of the pharmaceutical composition is administered per dog per day in the form of a subcutaneous injection, intramuscular injection or intravenous injection. Moreover, in the case of using a recombinant cHGF or recombinant dcHGF inserted into a plasmid and allowed to translate inside the body of a dog, 0.001 mg to 1,000 mg is administered per dog every several days, weeks or months in the form of a subcutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous injection.

BRIEF DISCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows the construction of recombinant cHGF and dcHGF vectors for the expression of a protein, which are used in COS-1 cells and CHO cells in Example 2.

FIG. 2 shows the biological activity of cHGF and dcHGF produced in COS-1 cells in Example 2.

FIG. 3 shows the biological activity of cHGF and dcHGF produced in CHO cells in Example 2.

FIG. 4 shows the construction of a recombinant cHGF virus vector, for expression of a protein, which has been introduced into silkworm larvae and cultured insect cells in Example 3.

FIG. 5 shows the result of Western Blotting analysis of a recombinant cHGF produced in the silkworm larvae of Example 3. Lane 1 shows the results obtained from the haemolymph of a silkworm infected with a cHGF recombinant virus, and lane 2 shows the results obtained from the haemolymph of silkworm larvae infected with a non-recombinant virus.

FIG. 6 shows the biological activity of a recombinant cHGF protein, which was produced in the silkworm larvae of Example 3.

FIG. 7 shows the results of Western Blotting analysis of a recombinant cHGF, which is produced in the cultured insect cells of Example 3. Lane 1 shows the results obtained from the culture supernatant of Sf9 cells infected with a cHGF recombinant virus, and lane 2 shows the results obtained from the culture supernatant of Sf9 cells infected with a non-recombinant virus.

FIG. 8 shows the biological activity of a cHGF protein produced in the cultured insect cells of Example 3.

EXAMPLES

The present invention is further specifically described in the following examples. The examples are provided for illustrative purposes only, and are not intended to limit the technical scope of the invention.

Example 1

Isolation of cHGF Gene

(a) Obtainment of DNA Fragment Derived from cHGF

To clone the full length of a cHGF protein translated region, initially, primers were designed on the basis of a nucleotide sequence corresponding to the 5′ and 3′ protein untranslated regions of a hHGF gene that had already been reported, and then amplification by the RT-PCR method was attempted. However, it was difficult to obtain an amplified product having the desired size. Thus, primers were instead designed, using a nucleotide sequence as an index, that is relatively well conserved over animal species such as human, mouse and rat. Thereafter, a cHGF cDNA partial sequence was cloned by the RT-PCR method, and uncloned regions located at 5′ and 3′ sides were then cloned by 5′ and 3′ RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends) method.

Cloning of a partial sequence of cHGF: The total RNA was extracted from a canine leukocyte by the guanidium thiocyanate-phenol method (Trizol Reagent (Gibco-BRL). Using 3′ RACE System (Gibco-BRL), cDNA was synthesized from the extracted total RNA and was then subjected to an RT-PCR reaction.

Using an already reported nucleotide sequence as an index that is relatively well conserved over animal species such as human, mouse and rat, primers were designed in an HGF gene protein translated region. A reaction solution having a composition set forth below was used for the PCR reaction. After a reaction was carried out at 94° C. for 2 minutes, the following cycle was repeated 30 times: 94° C. for 1 minute, 55° C. for 1 minute and 72° C. for 2 minutes. Finally, a reaction was carried out at 72° C. for 5 minutes. Thereafter the temperature of the reacted solution was maintained at 4° C.

Composition of reaction solution: 1×PCR buffer, 0.2 mM dNTP, 0.005 units/μl Taq polymerase (TaKaRa EX Taq), 0.5 μM each of the following primers:

Sense primer: 5′ CCATGAATTTGACCTCTATG 3′ (SEQ ID NO: 5) Antisense primer: 5′ TGTGTATCCATTTTGCATAATATGCTACTC 3′ (SEQ ID NO: 6)

The obtained PCR product was subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis in the presence of ethidium bromide to confirm the size of the product. Products having measurable sizes were purified from the agarose gel (RECOCHIP (TaKaRa)), and ligated to the cloning site of a plasmid vector using T4DNA ligase (pGEM-T Easy Vector System (Promega)) so as to transform the host Escherichia coli JM109 (Promega). That is to say, after the Escherichia coli competent cell was mixed with the plasmid, the mixture was subjected to a temperature treatment on ice for 30 minutes, at 42° C. for 45 seconds, and on ice for 5 minutes. Then, the mixture was suspended in a High-competence broth (Nippon Gene Co., Ltd.) for incubation at 37° C. for 1 hour. Thereafter, it was placed on LB agar medium to which 50 μg/ml ampicillin was added, so that a transformed Escherichia coli colony was obtained. The transformed Escherichia coli was cultured at 37° C. overnight on LB medium (1% yeast extract, 0.5% tripton, 1% NaCl) to which 50 μg/ml ampicillin was added. After that, plasmid DNA was purified (ultraclean mini plasmid DNA purification kit, MO BIO), and the nucleotide sequence was determined (Espec Oligo Service Corp., ABI 310 DNA sequencer). Homology search was performed on the obtained nucleotide sequence, using an online homology search program, BLAST. Because the obtained nucleotide sequence showed high homology with the HGF gene of human or other animal species, it is suggested that this sequence was a partial sequence of a cHGF gene.

Cloning of 3′ untranslated region by 3′ RACE method: Primers were designed on the basis of the nucleotide sequence of the obtained cHGF partial sequence, and 3′ RACE was carried out using SMART RACE cDNA Amplification Kit (Clontech). Agarose gel electrophoresis and ethidium bromide staining were carried out on the first PCR product. However, since no amplified fragments were observed, nested PCR was carried out and an amplified fragment was obtained by 3′ RACE.

The composition of the PCR reaction solution was prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions. A PCR cycle at 94° C. for 5 seconds, at 68° C. for 10 seconds and at 72° C. for 3 minutes was repeated 25 times.

1^(st) primer: 5′ ATGCAGCCAATACCATCAAGGGAAGGTGAC 3′ (SEQ ID NO: 7) Nested primer: 5′ TCAGGACCATGTGAGGGAGATTATGGTGGC 3′ (SEQ ID NO: 8)

The length of the obtained amplified product was approximately 1.7 kbp, and it was different from about 3.6 kbp, which was the length of 3′ protein untranslated region estimated from the cDNA of the already reported human and rat HGF. However, from the analysis of the nucleotide sequence, it was found that this amplified fragment comprised a termination codon, poly A signal and poly A sequence, and so it was suggested that this was a variant generated by alternative splicing in the 3′ protein untranslated region.

Cloning of 5′ untranslated region by 5′ RACE method: Primers were designed on the basis of the nucleotide sequence of the obtained cHGF partial sequence, and 5′ RACE was carried out using SMART RACE cDNA Amplification Kit (Clontech) so as to attempt the cloning of the 5′ untranslated region.

The 5′ RACE was carried out using a reaction solution and a PCR cycle set forth below. Agarose gel electrophoresis and ethidium bromide staining were carried out on the first PCR product. However, since no amplified fragments were observed, nested PCR was carried out and an amplified fragment was obtained by 5′ RACE.

1^(st) primer: (SEQ ID NO: 9) 5′ CTTCGTAGCGTACCTCTGGATTGCTTGTG 3′ Nested primer: (SEQ ID NO: 10) 5′ TTCCAGGGCTGGCATTTGATGCCACTC 3′

The composition of the PCR reaction solution was prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions. A PCR cycle at 94° C. for 5 seconds, at 68° C. for 10 seconds and at 72° C. for 2 minutes was repeated 25 times. After agarose gel electrophoresis and ethidium bromide staining were performed on the nested PCR product, a multiple number of bands were observed. The longest amplified fragment was purified from the agarose gel by the same method as described above, and the fragment was cloned into a pGEM-T Easy vector followed by analysis of the nucleotide sequence. However, an initiation site for protein translation did not comprise the obtained amplified fragment.

Since the full length of an HGF gene is about 6 kbp and is a relatively large gene, it is technically difficult to clone the sequence of the 5′ end. Considering that the nucleotide sequence of the mRNA of cHGF is expected to have a conformation for which normal reverse transcription reaction can hardly be carried out, therefore it was extremely difficult to obtain a full length cDNA. In fact, to clone the translation initiation point of the cHGF gene, a total of 6 types of cDNA synthesis for 5′ RACE was carried out, including: SMART RACE cDNA Amplification Kit (Clontech) and 3 types of reverse transcriptase, Superscript II (Gibco-BRL), Powerscript II (Clontech), and subsequent application of M-MLV Reverse Transcriptase RNase Minus (Promega). Moreover, for the PCR reaction, 9 types of primers were designed on the basis of the above described cHGF partial sequence and the nucleotide sequence of the cHGF gene which was determined by the first 5′ RACE. Then, a nested PCR reaction, the cloning of the amplified product and the analysis of the nucleotide sequence were carried out with a large number of combinations. While it was extremely difficult to obtain a clone comprising a translation initiation point, as a result of continuous efforts, however, using cDNA synthesized with M-MLV Reverse Transcriptase RNase Minus (Promega), PCR reaction was performed with the following combination of primers:

1^(st) primer: 5′ GGCCTTGCAAGTGAATGGAAGTCC 3′ (SEQ ID NO: 11) Nested primer: 5′ ACGGCGACGGGCAGCAGGAGGAGGTGC 3′, (SEQ ID NO: 12) thereby obtaining an amplified product, which is predicted to comprise a translation initiation point.

The composition of the reaction solution and the conditions for PCR cycle were the same as for the first 5′ RACE. The obtained PCR products were not single amplification products, but the products were purifiedfrom the agarose gel by the same method as stated above and were then cloned into a pGEM-T Easy vector. Thereafter, 24 clones were randomly selected, and as a result of analysis of each nucleotide sequence, it was found that 3 clones each thereof comprised a translation initiation point.

(b) Analysis of Nucleotide Sequence of Inserted Fragment

The nucleotide sequences of the gene fragments obtained in (a) were combined using Genetyx-win ver. 4 software (Software Development) to obtain the entire nucleotide sequence of the cHGF gene protein translated region. The sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. This sequence consists of 2,193 bp. Using GENBANK/EMBL DNA Data Base, research was made for the nucleotide sequence shown in SED ID NO: 1. However, an identical sequence was not present. Accordingly, it was confirmed that DNA having this nucleotide sequence was an entirely new DNA. When homology searching was carried out using an online homology search program, BLAST and Genetyx-win ver. 4 software, the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 showed high homology with the nucleotide sequences of the HGF genes of human (92.2%), mouse (87.8%) and rat (87.5%).

The amino acid sequence predicted from the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 is shown in SEQ ID NO: 2. When the amino acid sequence was subjected to homology analysis as in the case with the nucleotide sequence, the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 showed high homology with the amino acid sequences of the HGFs of human (92.3%), mouse (92.1%) and rat (92.0%). From these results, it was strongly suggested that the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 is a cHGF gene.

(c) Amplification of Full Length cHGF Protein Translated Region

Primers were designed based on the nucleotide sequence obtained in (a) so as to amplify the cHGF protein translated region, and PCR was carried out using, as a template, cDNA derived from canine leukocyte. A reaction solution having a composition set forth below was used for the PCR reaction. After reaction was carried out at 94° C. for 2 minutes, the following reaction cycle was repeated 30 times: at 94° C. for 30 seconds, at 55° C. for 30 seconds and at 68° C. for 2 minutes. Finally, a reaction was carried out at 68° C. for 5 minutes, and the reaction solution temperature was maintained at 4° C.

Composition of reaction solution: 1×PCR buffer, 1 mM MgSO₄, 0.2 mM dNTP, 0.005 units/μl Taq polymerase KOD Plus (Toyobo), 0.5 μM each of the following primers:

Sense primer: 5′ ATGTGGGTGACCAAGCTCC 3′ (SEQ ID NO: 13) Antisense primer: 5′ TGGGTGCTTCAGACACACTTACATCAG 3′ (SEQ ID NO: 14) Nested sense primer: 5′ ATGTGGGTGACCAAGCTCCTGCCCCTG 3′ (SEQ ID NO: 15) Nested antisense primer: 5′ CTATGACTGTTGTATCTTATACGTTAA 3′ (SEQ ID NO: 16)

The obtained PCR product was subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis in the presence of ethidium bromide to confirm the size of the product. Then, the product was cloned into a plasmid vector by the same method as described above, and the nucleotide sequence was analyzed. From the results of analysis, one clone wherein the 414^(th) nucleotide, from the translation initiation point, was adenine, and another clone wherein the 414^(th) nucleotide was guanine, were found. A multiple number of clones were obtained for both adenine and guanine, and it is considered that this occurrence is due to a single nucleotide polymorphism. Nevertheless, the amino acid encoded by these two clones was glycine, and no difference was observed in the amino acid sequences. Other sequences completely matched those obtained in (a).

(d) Screening of 15 Base Pairs-deleted cHGF

When the nucleotide sequence of the cHGF partial sequence described in (a) was analyzed, in one of the three analyzed clones, it was found that 15 base pairs at a site corresponding to the first kringle domain were deleted due to alternative splicing. The same alternative splicing had also been reported regarding human, rat and mouse, but this is the first research showing that alternative splicing caused the deletion of 15 base pairs in the first kringle domain in a cHGF gene. To screen for this 15 base pairs-deleted cHGF (hereinafter, dcHGF), primers were designed so that the primers sandwich the deleted site. Then, using, as a template, an Escherichia coli colony transformed with vector DNA to which the full length protein translated region of a cHGF gene described in (c) was ligated, PCR was carried out using a reaction solution having a composition set forth below. After a reaction was carried out at 94° C. for 2 minutes, the following reaction cycle was repeated 30 times: at 94° C. for 30 seconds, at 55° C. for 30 seconds and at 72° C. for 30 seconds. Finally, a reaction was carried out at 72° C. for 5 minutes followed by maintaining the temperature at 4° C.

Composition of reaction solution: 1×PCR buffer, 0.2 mM dNTP, 0.005 units/μl Taq polymerase (TaKaRa EX Taq), 0.5 μM each of the following primers:

Sense primer: 5′ CTATCACTAAGAGTGGCATC 3′ (SEQ ID NO: 17) Antisense primer: 5′ GGAATGTCACAGACTTCGTAG 3′ (SEQ ID NO: 18)

The obtained PCR product was subjected to 4% agarose gel electrophoresis in the presence of ethidium bromide, and comparisons were made regarding the lengths of the amplified fragments of each clone. A clone having an amplified fragment shorter than a common fragment was selected. After the clone was cultured in LB medium overnight as stated above, plasmid DNA was purified and the nucleotide sequence was analyzed. The sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO: 3. The amino acid sequence predicted from the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 is shown in SEQ ID NO: 4. The obtained dcHGF clone lacked 15 base pairs at a site corresponding to the first kringle domain, and as a result, 5 amino acids are missing. Further, as described in (c) above, even in 15 base pairs-deleted dcHGF, there existed both one clone wherein the 414^(th) nucleotide, from the translation initiation point, was adenine and another clone wherein the 414^(th) nucleotide was guanine. No differences were found for other nucleotide and amino acid sequences.

Example 2

Production of Recombinant cHGF Protein and Recombinant dcHGF Protein Using Mammalian Cell

(a) Production of Recombinant Plasmid for Expression in Mammalian Cell Comprising DNA Encoding cHGF and dcHGF

A one μg sample of the plasmid obtained in Example 1 (c) and (d) was digested with 10 units of restriction enzymes Sal I and Not I (TaKaRa) at 37° C. for 2 hours, and then subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis. Approximately 2.2 kbp DNA fragments of cHGF and dcHGF were purified using RECOCHIP (TaKaRa). On the other hand, 1 μg of an expression vector for mammalian cells, pCl-neo Mammalian Expression Vector (Promega), was digested with 10 units of restriction enzymes Sal I and Not I (TaKaRa) at 37° C. for 2 hours, and then subjected to phenol chloroform treatment and ethanol precipitation according to a common technique so that the final concentration was maintained at 50 ng/μl. The above cHGF and dcHGF DNA fragments were ligated to an expression vector DNA of ligation kit ver. 2 (TaKaRa), and Escherichia coli was transformed by the above-described method. An Escherichia coli clone comprising cHGF and dcHGF genes was selected and plasmid DNA was purified (FIG. 1). Using an expression vector-derived sequence primer, T7-EEV (Promega), analysis of the nucleotide sequence was carried out and it was confirmed that the DNA fragments of cHGF and dcHGF were ligated as designed.

(b) Production of Recombinant cHGF and dcHGF Proteins in COS-1 Cells

African green monkey COS-1 cells were maintained in E-MEM medium (Nissui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (Moregate) and 0.3% Tryptose Phosphate broth (DIFCO) at 37° C. in the presence of 5% CO₂. A day before transformation, the COS-1 cells, which were proliferated to a confluent condition, were washed with PBS buffer, and then a trypsin-EDTA solution was added thereto and the mixture was left statically at room temperature for about 2 minutes. After the above medium was added thereto and the cells were well suspended, centrifugation was carried out at 1,200 rpm at 4° C. for 5 minutes. After the supernatant was eliminated, the remaining solution was suspended again in the medium, and the number of cells was counted according to a common technique. The number of cells was adjusted so that 8×10⁵ cells were present in 5 ml of medium, and the cells were placed in a 60 mm-diameter petri dish (FALCON) and cultured at 37° C. overnight in the presence of 5% CO₂. The plasmid DNA for the expression of cHGF and dcHGF obtained in (a) was purified (Wizard SV Minipreps DNA purification system (Promega)) and adjusted so that the concentration was 1 μg/μl in distilled water. The introduction of the gene into the COS-1 cells were carried out using Lipofectamine 2000 Regent (GIBCO-BRL), and the gene transfer was carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions. After the transfectionof the gene, culture was carried out at 37° C. for 48 hours in the presence of 5% CO₂, so as to obtain the culture supernatant in which recombinant cHGF and dcHGF were produced. This culture supernatant was collected and the biological activity was determined in the manner described in Example 4. The enhanced cell mobility in MDCK cell was observed, and so it was confirmed that the recombinant cHGF and dcHGF proteins produced in COS-1 cells exhibited a biological activity (FIG. 2).

(c) Production of Cell Line which Stably Expresses the Recombinant cHGF and dcHGF Proteins

Using a Chinese hamster CHO cells, a cell line which stably expresses the recombinant cHGF and dcHGF proteins were obtained. This CHO cells were maintained in E-MEM medium (Nissui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (Moregate) and 0.3% Tryptose Phosphate broth (DIFCO) at 37° C. in the presence of 5% CO₂. A day before transformation, the CHO cells, which were proliferated to a confluent condition, were removed from the plate and resuspended in the medium by the above-described method, and the number of cells was counted. The number of cells was adjusted so that 1.2×10⁵ cells were present in 500 μl of medium, and the cells were placed in a 24-well petri dish (FALCON) and cultured at 37° C. overnight in the presence of 5% CO₂. The plasmid DNA for expression of cHGF and dcHGF obtained in (a) was purified (Wizard SV Minipreps DNA purification system (Promega)) and adjusted so that the concentration was 1 μg/μl in distilled water. The transfection of the gene into CHO cells were carried out using Lipofectamine 2000 Regent (GIBCO-BRL), and the gene transfer operation was carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions. After the introduction of the gene, culture was carried out at 37° C. overnight in the presence of 5% CO₂. Thereafter, cells were harvested by the above-described method and resuspended in 12 ml of the above-described medium containing 600 μg/ml of GENETICIN (GIBCO BRL). A total of 500 μl of the suspension was poured into a 24-well Petri dish (FALCON), and cultured at 37° C. in the presence of 5% CO₂. The medium was replaced by a new medium approximately every 3 days, and culture was continuously carried out for about 2 weeks to obtain stable expression cell lines. The cell lines were screened from the culture supernatant by a limiting dilution analysis, so as to obtain cell lines with high recombinant cHGF and dcHGF protein producing activities. The obtained high production cell lines were cultured in the above medium at 37° C. for several days in the presence of 5% CO₂, so as to obtain the culture supernatant in which recombinant cHGF and dcHGF proteins were produced. When this culture supernatant was collected and the biological activity was determined in the manner described in Example 4, enhanced cell mobility in MDCK cell was observed. Thus, it was confirmed that the recombinant cHGF and dcHGF proteins produced in CHO cells exhibited a biological activity (FIG. 3).

Example 3

Production of Recombinant cHGF Protein in Silkworm Larvae and Cultured Insect Cells

(a) Production of Recombinant cHGF Protein in Silkworm Larvae

By using the Superworm Service of Katakura Industries Co., Ltd., a recombinant baculovirus transformed with DNA encoding cHGF was obtained using the plasmid vector obtained in Example 1 (c) (FIG. 4). The viral liquid of the obtained recombinant virus was inoculated into silkworm larvae, and after breeding for several days, the haemolymph was collected from the silkworm larvae. According to a common technique, the haemolymph sample was subjected to SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoresis, and then to Western Blotting analysis so as to detect the recombinant cHGF protein at the position of a molecular weight of about 80,000 to 90,000 (FIG. 5). Further, when the biological activity was determined in the manner described in Example 4, enhanced cell mobility in MDCK cell was observed. Thus, it was confirmed that the recombinant cHGF protein produced in the silkworm larvae exhibited a biological activity (FIG. 6).

(b) Production of Recombinant cHGF Protein in Cultured Insect Cells

The above-obtained recombinant viral liquid was added to an Sf9 cell culture supernatant, and after culture for approximately 1 week, the culture supernatant was collected. The culture supernatant sample was subjected to SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoresis according to a common technique and then to Western Blotting analysis so as to detect the recombinant cHGF protein at the position of a molecular weight of about 80,000 to 90,000 (FIG. 7). Further, when the biological activity was determined in the manner described in Example 4, enhanced cell motility in MDCK cell was observed. Thus, it was confirmed that the recombinant cHGF protein produced in the cultured insect cells exhibited a biological activity (FIG. 8).

Example 4

Determination of Biological Activity of Recombinant cHGF and dcHGF Proteins

The biological activity of recombinant cHGF and dcHGF proteins were determined by observing for enhancement of cell motility in Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells. The MDCK cells were maintained in the above expansion medium. The cells which proliferated to the confluent conditonwere harvested from the plate by the above-described method, and the number of cells was counted and then the cells were adjusted so that the number of the cells was 3×10⁴ cells/ml. From this obtained cell suspension, 100 μl was dividely poured into each well of a 96-well plate (FALCON). Then, 50 μl each of the culture supernatant of the COS-1 cells, and the CHO cells, into which cHGF and dcHGF expression vectors obtained in Example 2 were introduced, was dividedly added to each well. Moreover, the haemolymph obtained in Example 3 was diluted with medium by a factor of 2,000, whereas the supernatant of a cultured insect cells was diluted with the same medium by a factor of 4. Then, 50 μl each of the diluents was further dividedly added to each well. Twenty-four hours after addition of the sample, a 1/10 volume of 25% glutaraldehyde solution (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added to fix the cells, and then the motility and the form of the cells were observed by Giemsa stain under microscopy.

All publications, patents and patent applications cited herein are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The present invention provides a cHGF, a 5 amino acids-deleted cHGF thereof, and genes encoding the cHGF and the 5 amino acids-deleted cHGF thereof The recombinant cHGF and the 5 amino acids-deleted cHGF of the present invention are useful for treatment of chronic canine diseases such as canine liver or kidney diseases. 

1. An isolated recombinant protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 or
 4. 2. An isolated DNA or RNA encoding a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 or
 4. 3. An isolated DNA comprising the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 or
 3. 4. A recombinant vector comprising the DNA or RNA according to claim
 2. 5. An isolated host cell comprising the recombinant vector according to claim
 4. 6. A method for producing a canine hepatocyte growth factor having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4, which comprises culturing the isolated host cell according to claim 5 and collecting the canine hepatocyte growth factor from the obtained culture.
 7. A recombinant vector comprising the DNA according to claim
 3. 8. An isolated host cell comprising the recombinant vector according to claim
 7. 9. A method of producing a canine hepatocyte growth factor having the amino acid seuuence of SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4, which comprises culturing the isolated host cell according to claim 8 and collecting a canine hepatocyte growth factor from the obtained culture.
 10. A probe for detecting a DNA molecule encoding a canine hepatocyte growth factor protein, wherein the probe consists of 200 to 300 nucleotides of the DNA of claim
 3. 